Warluwarra is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language of Queensland. Waluwarra (also known as Warluwarra, Walugara, and Walukara) is the traditional language region in the local government area of Shire of Boulia, including Walgra Station and Wolga, from Roxborough Downs north to Carandotta Station and Urandangi on the Georgina River, on Moonah Creek to Rochedale, south-east of Pituri Creek.
Sign The Warluwara had a developed signed form of their language.Kendon, A. (1988) Sign Languages of Aboriginal Australia: Cultural, Semiotic and Communicative Perspectives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Phonology
Consonants Labial Velar Dental Lamino-alveolar Apico-alveolar Retroflex Voiceless stop p k t̪ t̠ʲ t ʈ Voiced stop b ɡ d̪ d̠ʲ d ɖ Nasal m ŋ n̪ n̠ʲ n ɳ Lateral l̪ l̠ʲ l ɭ Flap ɾ Glide w ɰ j ɻ
Sounds /t̠ʲ, d̠ʲ, n̠ʲ, l̠ʲ/ are also commonly articulated as laminal [t̻ʲ, d̻ʲ, n̻ʲ, l̻ʲ]. /t̠ʲ/ may also be heard as a palatal stop [c] in free variation. /ɻ/ can also be heard as a non-sibilant fricative [ɻ˔] when in between two front /i/ vowels. /j/ can also be heard as voiceless [j̊] or fricative [ç] within voiceless syllable positions. It may also be heard as a voiced fricative [ʝ] when in between two front /i/ vowels.
Vowels Front Central Back High i, iː u, uː Low a, aː Phoneme/SoundAllophones/i/ [i][ɪ], [ɨ]/a/ [a][ə], [e], [ɛ], [æ], [ɐ], [ɑ], [ɔ], [ɒ]/u/ [u][ʊ], [ʉ]
References
Roth, Walter E. (1897). The expression of ideas by manual signs: a sign-language. (p. 273–301) Reprinted from Roth, W.E. Ethnological studies among the North-West-Central Queensland Aborigines. London, Queensland Agent-Generals Information Office, 1897; 71–90; Information collected from the following tribes; Pitta-Pitta, Boinji, Ulaolinya, Wonkajera, Walookera [= Warluwarra], Undekerebina, Kalkadoon, Mitakoodi, Woonamurra, Goa. Reprinted (1978) in Aboriginal sign languages of the Americas and Australia. New York: Plenum Press, vol. 2.