Ugljevik () is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, the municipality has a population of 15,710 inhabitants, while the town of Ugljevik has a population of 4,155 inhabitants.

The municipality is located in the countryside of the eastern foothills of Mount Majevica, where the mountains start descending towards the flatlands of Semberija, to which it is tied to more than any other surrounding area. It is the home of miners and other energy resource professionals.

Name Ugljevik is named after coal (ugalj), which first began to be exploited on Mount Majevica in 1899.

History

At least ten archaeological locations have been found in the area. These include five locations with groupings of medieval stone sarcophagi, called stećci, and three dating from the Roman period. Though research into the Neolithic sites in the municipality is lacking, nearby areas have Neolithic archaeological sites, allowing postulation that there might have been ancient sites present. The village of Tutnjevac contains the remains of a Roman villa.

The first population census of the region showed five settlements with a total of 55 houses, which date from prior to arrival of the Ottoman Turks in the 15th century. During troubled times the population would leave these parts with most of the succeeding population—the forebears of the present Majevicans—coming from Eastern and ‘Old’ Herzegovina in the 19th century.

During the past hundred years, the pace and extent of development of the Ugljevik region has been determined by coal production. With the increased need for coal, coal exploitation began in 1899, and a narrow gauge railway was built from Rača, on the Sava river, to the Ugljevik coal mine via Bijeljina in 1919. Subsequently, this railway was upgraded to a normal narrow gauge, and later was connected to one of Ugljevik’s communities, Mezgraja, in 1938. This was the last narrow gauge railway in Europe before it was closed on May 26, 1979.

The coal from Bogutovo Selo surface mine has a calorific value of 2,550 kcal/kg (10.68 MJ/kg), and it is estimated that the reserves are sufficient to satisfy the needs of four 300 megawatt coal-fired power plants.

These coal companies have driven the development of nearly all corporations in Ugljevik.

After the Bosnian War Ugljevik became a significant peacekeeping force post. For the first time after the World War II, the Russian Army and Western Allies worked together in a military mission, as the Implementation Force (IFOR) and later the Stabilization Forces (SFOR). Headquarters of the Russian Peacekeeping Mission in Bosnia was in Ugljevik. Americans had a small base in Ugljevik, across the Janja river from the Russians. In relation to this, the IFOR info magazine “Talon” wrote in one of its articles “Cold War melted on the Balkan sun”.

Location

The municipality of Ugljevik borders Bijeljina to the east and north, Lopare to the west, Zvornik to the south, and also Teočak in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the south. In the 1993 census the population was 16,456 residing in 4,733 households, covering . The population density was 12.44/km².

Territorial organisation

The municipality of Ugljevik has the following 21 communities:

Korenita Maleševci Zabrđe Ugljevička Obrijež Stari Ugljevik Ugljevik Selo Gornje Zabrđe Ravno Polje Bogutovo Selo Gornja Krćina Gornja Trnova

Modran Donje Zabrđe Janjari (Atmačići) Srednja Trnova Glinje Sarije Mukat Stankovići Donja Trnova Atmačići

Demographics

Population Population of the settlements – Ugljevik municipalitySettlement1971.1981.1991.2013.Total24,17824,54017,83015,7101Atmačići5664292Bogutovo Selo4992943Donja Trnova1,4911,1544Glinje6484615Gornja Trnova4202846Janjari6514977Korenita8405578Maleševci6024049Mezgraja71445910Mukat Stankovići45833011Ravno Polje46659812Srednja Trnova72157913Stari Ugljevik1,12670714Tutnjevac1,4891,04215Ugljevička Obrijež93494516Ugljevik2,3882,4422,9814,15517Ugljevik Selo69347818Zabrđe1,7251,551

Ethnic composition Ethnic composition – Ugljevik town1991.1981.1971.Total2,9812,4422,388Serbs2,426 (81.4%)2,210 (90.5%)2,256 (94.5%)Bosniaks348 (11.7%)66 (2.7%)86 (3.6%)Yugoslavs133 (4.5%)143 (5.9%)15 (0.6%)Croats39 (1.3%)3 (0.1%)15 (0.6%)Others/unspecified35 (1.2%)16 (0.7%)5 (0.2%)Macedonians4 (0.2%)6 (0.3%)Montenegrins4 (0.2%)Albanians1 (<0.1%) Ethnic composition – Ugljevik municipality2013.1991.1981.1971.Total15,71025,58724,54024,178Serbs13,412 (85.4%)14,468 (56.5%)14,066 (57.3%)14,816 (61.2%)Bosniaks2,186 (14%)10,241 (40%)9,403 (38.3%)8,859 (36.7%)Others/unspecified70 (0.5%)532 (2%)81 (0.3%)58 (0.2%)Croats42 (0.3%)56 (0.2%)17 (<0.1%)53 (0.2%)Yugoslavs290 (1.1%)573 (2.3%)35 (0.1%)Roma376 (1.5%)328 (1.4%)Montenegrins9 (<0.1%)13 (<0.1%)Macedonians7 (<0.1%)12 (<0.1%)Albanians4 (<0.1%)3 (<0.1%)Slovenes3 (<0.1%)Hungarians1 (<0.1%)1 (<0.1%)

Economy

The Ugljevik Power Plant is a 300-megawatt coal-fired power station with a chimney in the municipality.

Notable people

Filip Višnjić (1767-1834), poet and musician Mitar Mirić, pop-folk singer

Twin towns – sister cities

Ugljevik is twinned with: Beočin, Serbia

References

Official results from the book: Ethnic composition of Bosnia-Herzegovina population, by municipalities and settlements, 1991. census, Zavod za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine - Bilten no.234, Sarajevo 1991.

External links